Stocks ended sharply lower Friday as the U.S.-China trade war intensified further, after President Donald Trump said he’s ordering American companies to start looking for “an alternative to China,” while readying additional measures after Beijing imposed retaliatory tariffs on imports of U.S. goods.
Early in the session, major indexes flipped between modest gains and losses after Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell left the door open for another interest rate cut in September in a widely anticipated speech in Jackson Hole, Wyoming.
How are the major benchmarks faring?
Stocks extended declines ahead of the closing bell, with the Dow off more than 700 points at its session low. In the end, the Dow Jones Industrial Average DJIA, -2.37% closed with a loss of 623.34 points, or 2.4%, at 25,628.90, while the S&P 500 index SPX, -2.59% dropped 75.84 points, or 2.6%, to finish at 2,847.11. The Nasdaq Composite Index COMP, -3.00% shed 239.62 points to end at 7,751.77, a loss of 3%.
The drop left the major indexes with their fourth consecutive weekly loss, with the Dow down 1% since last Friday, while the S&P 500 saw a 1.4% drop and the Nasdaq declining 1.8%.
What’s driving the market?
Trouble kicked off ahead of Friday’s open, with China announcing new tariffs of 5% and 10% on $75 billion in U.S. imports, set to go into effect in two tranches, on Sept. 1 and Dec. 15, respectively. The Chinese government said that the move was in response to the Trump administration’s plans to institute 10% tariffs on $300 billion in Chinese imports, also in two stages and on the same dates, announced earlier in August.
See: Escalation in U.S.-China trade war threatens global economy, poses Trump re-election risk
The move drew a furious response from Trump, who tweeted that he had “hereby ordered” U.S. companies “to immediately start looking for an alternative to China.” While it wasn’t clear what legal authority Trump might have to force businesses to act, analysts said the shift in rhetoric raised alarms over the potential impact on the global economy.
“We always see a selloff when we escalate tensions,” said Art Hogan, chief market strategist for National Securities, in a phone interview. “I would argue that this recent escalation is a different flavor of retaliation when you ‘hereby order’ companies to stop doing business.”
Market moves were also likely amplified by thin trading conditions typical of a Friday in August, Hogan said.
Trump also blasted Powell in a tweet for apparently not sounding a more dovish tone about monetary policy in his Jackson Hole speech:
The president branded Powell an “enemy,” taking the long-running tensions between the White House and the Federal Reserve — a traditionally adversarial relationship — “to a whole new level,” Hogan said.
Read: Trump blasts Powell and Xi as ‘enemies’ of U.S. as Fed fight, trade war heat up
In the speech, Powell was seen leaving the door open for another interest rate cut at the central bank’s next meeting Sept. 17-18, saying, “We have seen further evidence of a global slowdown,” since the Fed’s last meeting in July.
At the same time, he said “the U.S. economy has continued to perform well overall” while “ inflation seems to be moving closer to 2%,” the Fed’s goal for annual inflation. Low inflation was a main justification for cutting rates last month.
“It’s not too surprising that he was vague, and intentionally so,” said Randy Frederick, vice president of active trading strategies and derivatives at Charles Schwab. “He wants to be nimble and he doesn’t want the market to move on what he said.”
Fed funds futures markets indicate investors see the speech as mildly dovish. Before the speech, the market was pricing a 95.8% chance of one rate cut and a 4.2% chance of no cut. After the speech, the probability of at least a 25 basis-point cut rose to 100%, with the market showing a 5% chance of a 50 basis-point cut.
On the data the data front, new home sales in July fell 12.8% to an annual rate of 635,000 homes, below the median forecast of 650,000, according to a MarketWatch poll of economists, but are still up 4.3% compared to last year.
Check out: Forget July’s slump in new-home sales, mortgage rates are reviving the housing market
Which stocks are in focus?
Shares of Foot Locker Inc. FL, -18.91% tumbled 18.9%, after the retailer reported second-quarter sales and profits that missed Wall Street expectations.
HP Inc. HPQ, -5.92% shares fell 5.9%, after the PC and printer manufacturer announced a Enrique Lores would assume the CEO role effective Nov. 1, along with third-quarter results that matched analyst expectations.
Salesforce.com Inc. CRM, +2.25% reported quarterly financial results late Thursday, showing revenue growth and earnings-per-share that beat Wall Street forecasts. The company’s stock rose 2.2%.
Shares of Intuit Inc. INTU, +1.10% rose 1.1%, following a release of better-than-expected fiscal fourth-quarter results Thursday evening.
Hasbro Inc. HAS, -8.94% announced plans late Thursday to acquire the British firm Entertainment One Ltd ETO, +31.94%, in a deal that values the company at $4 billion. The toy maker’s stock retreated nearly 9%.
How are other markets trading?
U.S. Treasury yields fell sharply as haven seeking investors snapped up government paper. The yield on the 10-year Treasury note TMUBMUSD10Y, -4.88% ended below the 2-year yield TMUBMUSD02Y, -5.87% after briefly inverting on an intraday basis last week and earlier this month. An inverted curve is seen as an often reliable warning signal of recession, albeit with a lag.
Stocks in Asia traded mixed, as China’s CSI 300 000300, +0.72% rose 0.7%, Hong Kong’s Hang Seng Index HSI, +0.50% gained 0.5% and Japan’s Nikkei 225 NIK, +0.40% climbed 0.4%.
In Europe, stocks traded mostly lower, with the Stoxx Europe 600 SXXP, -0.78% losing 0.8%.
In commodities markets, the price of U.S. oil CLV19, -2.49% fell 2.1%, after China announced that U.S. crude oil would be subject to new tariffs. Gold prices GCZ19, +1.88% jumped to close at a more-than-six-year high on a flight to safety.
The U.S. dollar fell, with the closely watched ICE U.S. Dollar Index DXY, -0.92%, a measure of the currency against a basket of six major rivals, down 0.4%.
See: U.S. dollar sinks as Trump tweets stoke intervention fears
Mark DeCambre contributed to this report.
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